2.Love and logic(Part Ⅱ)(562)

Sixth grade rewrite

        Love and logic

Part Ⅱ

【1】Max, a law student, had his first date with Polly. He wanted to see how much he needed to help her think more logically. They went to dinner and a movie, and Polly enjoyed everything. But Max realized Polly needed to learn more about thinking.

【2】Max decided to teach Polly logic. He explained that logic is the science of thinking correctly. He started with a fallacy called "Dicto Simpliciter," which is when someone makes a general statement without considering all the details. For example, saying "Exercise is good" is not always true because it depends on the person's health.

【3】Polly was eager to learn and said, "Wow, this is so cool!" Max continued with another fallacy, "Hasty Generalization," which is when you make a quick decision without enough information. He gave an example about not speaking French and how it doesn't mean no one at the university can speak French.

【4】Max then taught Polly about "Post Hoc," which is when you think one thing causes another just because they happened together. He used the example of blaming someone for rain during a picnic.

【5】Polly was very excited and asked for more. Max explained "Contradictory Premises," which is when two statements cannot both be true at the same time. He used the example of whether God can create a stone too heavy for Him to lift.

【6】Polly was confused, but Max told her that when premises contradict each other, there can be no argument. He used the example of an irresistible force and an immovable object.

【7】Max decided to continue the next evening. He taught Polly about "Ad Misericordiam," which is when someone tries to get pity instead of giving a good reason for something. He gave an example of a job applicant who talks about his family instead of his qualifications.

【8】Polly was moved and cried, but Max explained that the man didn't answer the question about his qualifications. He then taught her about "False Analogy," which is when you compare two things that are not really alike. He used the example of students using textbooks during exams, which is different from doctors using X-rays during surgery.

【9】Polly thought it was a good idea, but Max explained that students are tested to see what they know, not to be guided by textbooks.

【10】Max then taught Polly about "Hypothesis Contrary to Fact," which is when you make a statement based on something that didn't happen. He used the example of Madame Curie and radium, saying that maybe someone else would have discovered it.

【11】Polly was distracted by thoughts of a movie star, but Max reminded her to focus. He then taught her about "Poisoning the Well," which is when someone says something bad about someone else before they can speak. He gave an example of a debate where one person calls the other a liar before they can say anything.

【12】Polly understood and was proud of herself. Max was happy that Polly was learning and told her to think, examine, and evaluate. He asked her to review everything they had learned, and Polly was ready to learn more.

六年级改写

   爱情与逻辑

第二部分

【1】法律系学生马克斯第一次和波莉约会。他想看看他需要多少才能帮助她更有逻辑地思考。他们一起去吃饭，看电影，波莉喜欢这一切。但马克斯意识到波莉需要学习更多关于思考的知识。

【2】马克斯决定教波莉逻辑。他解释说，逻辑是正确思考的科学。他从一个被称为“简单判断”的谬论开始，即某人在不考虑所有细节的情况下做出一般性陈述。例如，说“运动是好的”并不总是正确的，因为这取决于人的健康。

【3】波莉很想学，她说:“哇，这太酷了!”马克斯接着说了另一个谬论，“草率概括”，指的是你在没有足够信息的情况下迅速做出决定。他举了一个不会说法语的例子，以及这并不意味着大学里没有人会说法语。

【4】马克斯接着教波莉“事后事件”，即你认为一件事导致另一件事仅仅是因为它们一起发生了。他举了野餐时因为下雨而责怪别人的例子。

【5】波莉很兴奋，想了解更多。马克斯解释了“矛盾前提”，即两个陈述不能同时为真。他举例说，上帝是否能造出一块太重的石头，使他举不起来。

【6】波莉很困惑，但马克斯告诉她，当前提相互矛盾时，就不可能有争论。他以不可抗拒的力量和不可移动的物体为例。

【7】马克斯决定第二天晚上继续。他教波莉什么是“诉诸怜悯”，意思是某人试图获得同情，而不是为某事给出一个充分的理由。他举了一个求职者的例子，他谈论他的家庭而不是他的资历。

【8】波莉感动得哭了起来，但马克斯解释说，那个人没有回答关于他资格的问题。然后他教她“错误类比”，也就是你比较两个并不完全相似的事物。他举例说，学生在考试时使用课本，这与医生在手术时使用x光不同。

【9】波莉认为这是个好主意，但马克斯解释说，学生考试是为了看看他们知道些什么，而不是受教科书的指导。

【10】然后，马克斯教波莉“与事实相反的假设”，也就是你根据没有发生的事情做出一个陈述。他以居里夫人和镭为例，说也许其他人会发现它。

【11】波莉因为想到一个电影明星而心烦意乱，但马克斯提醒她集中注意力。然后，他教她什么是“毒害水井”，也就是一个人在说话之前说了别人的坏话。他举了一个辩论的例子，其中一个人在说话之前就说另一个人是骗子。

【12】波莉明白了，并为自己感到骄傲。麦克斯很高兴波莉在学习，并告诉她要思考、检查和评估。他让她复习他们学过的所有东西，波莉准备学更多的东西。