1.爱丽丝漫游奇境记梗概（1566）

故事内容

小女孩爱丽丝在河边无聊时，看到一只揣着怀表、会说话的白兔，出于好奇她跟着白兔跳进了兔子洞，从而坠入了一个奇妙的地下世界。

在这个世界里，爱丽丝的身体会因吃下或喝下不同的东西而变大变小，比如喝了写有 “喝我” 的饮料身体缩小，吃了饼干后身体变得巨大。她还遇到了许多千奇百怪的人和动物。

有抽着水烟袋，告诉爱丽丝通过吃蘑菇控制身体大小的毛毛虫；总是满面堆笑，能来去自由且讲话客观有逻辑，给爱丽丝提供引导的柴郡猫；因得罪了时间，被困在下午茶时刻，只能不停吃茶点、讲故事的疯帽匠，以及和他一起的三月兔、睡鼠；外形怪异、咄咄逼人、残暴地支配着居民，时刻要砍别人头的红心王后等等。

爱丽丝在这个世界里经历了一系列荒诞的事件，如参加了一场用火烈鸟作球棍、刺猬作球的球赛，还在荒诞的法庭上大声抗议国王和王后对好人的诬陷。最后，当她惹怒了红桃王后，正欲反抗时却醒了过来，发现这一切只是一场梦。

主题思想

· 成长主题：爱丽丝从最初对奇境中身体不受控制变化的迷茫、抗拒，到逐渐适应并学会控制，如掌握了吃蘑菇控制身体大小的方法，象征着她在成长中学会了适应变化和自我调整。她对残暴的红心王后的反抗，体现出她克服了焦虑，完成了自我成长，变得更加勇敢和坚定。

· 儿童本位主题：作品构建了一个童话性和真实性并存的奇幻世界，充满了儿童天真的想象，如会说话的动物、能变大变小的爱丽丝等，符合儿童的心理和认知，展现了儿童的质朴天性。

· 对社会现实的批判：通过对红心王后等荒谬、残暴形象的塑造，以及奇境中各种不合理现象的描写，如混乱的法庭、随意砍头的行为等，反映了现实社会中统治阶级的专横、社会的荒诞和不合理，表达了作者对现实的批判。

艺术特色

· 荒诞的叙事手法：整个故事充满了荒诞不经的情节和想象，如爱丽丝的身体变化、各种奇特生物的行为和对话等，打破了现实世界的逻辑和常规，给读者带来奇幻和新奇的阅读体验。

· 幽默风趣的语言：文字轻松幽默，充满了双关语、俏皮话和荒诞的对白，如疯帽匠的一些无厘头的话语和柴郡猫的幽默调侃，让故事更加生动有趣，吸引读者。

· 丰富的象征意义：故事中的许多元素都具有象征意义，如兔子洞象征着进入未知世界的入口，爱丽丝的身体变化象征着成长中的困惑和突破，不同的动物和人物形象也各自代表了现实生活中的不同性格或社会角色等，增加了作品的深度和内涵。

Story Content

One day, little Alice was bored by the river when she saw a white rabbit with a pocket watch that could talk. Out of curiosity, she followed the rabbit and jumped into the rabbit hole, thus falling into a wonderful underground world.

In this world, Alice's body would grow bigger or smaller after eating or drinking different things. For example, her body shrank after drinking the beverage labeled "Drink me", and grew huge after eating a biscuit. She also encountered many strange people and animals.

There was a caterpillar smoking a hookah who told Alice to control the size of her body by eating mushrooms; the Cheshire Cat, who always had a big smile on its face, could come and go freely and spoke objectively and logically, offering guidance to Alice; the Mad Hatter, who was trapped in the afternoon tea time because he had offended Time and could only keep having tea and telling stories all the time, along with the March Hare and the Dormouse; and the fierce and domineering Queen of Hearts with a strange appearance, who tyrannically dominated the residents and was always threatening to cut off others' heads, and so on.

Alice experienced a series of absurd events in this world. For instance, she took part in a croquet game where flamingos were used as mallets and hedgehogs as balls. She also loudly protested against the King and Queen's false accusations of good people in the absurd court. Finally, when she angered the Queen of Hearts and was about to resist, she woke up and found that it had all been just a dream.

Theme Ideas

· Growth Theme: At first, Alice was confused and resistant to the uncontrollable changes of her body in Wonderland. Gradually, she adapted to it and learned to control it. For example, she mastered the method of controlling the size of her body by eating mushrooms, which symbolized that she learned to adapt to changes and make self-adjustments in the process of growing up. Her resistance to the tyrannical Queen of Hearts reflected that she overcame anxiety and completed her self-growth, becoming braver and more determined.

· Children's Oriented Theme: The work constructs a fantasy world where fairy tales and reality coexist, full of children's innocent imagination, such as talking animals and Alice who can grow bigger or smaller, which conforms to children's psychology and cognition and shows children's simple and natural nature.

· Criticism of Social Reality: Through the creation of absurd and tyrannical images like the Queen of Hearts and the description of various unreasonable phenomena in Wonderland, such as the chaotic court and the random beheadings, it reflects the tyranny of the ruling class, the absurdity and unreasonableness of the real society, expressing the author's criticism of reality.

Artistic Features

· Absurd Narrative Technique: The whole story is full of absurd plots and imaginations, such as the changes of Alice's body and the behaviors and dialogues of various strange creatures, breaking the logic and conventions of the real world and bringing readers a fantastic and novel reading experience.

· Humorous Language: The text is light-hearted and humorous, full of puns, witty remarks and absurd dialogues. For example, the nonsensical words of the Mad Hatter and the humorous taunts of the Cheshire Cat make the story more vivid and interesting and attract readers.

· Rich Symbolic Meanings: Many elements in the story have symbolic meanings. For example, the rabbit hole symbolizes the entrance to the unknown world, the changes of Alice's body symbolize the confusion and breakthrough in the process of growing up, and different animal and character images also represent different personalities or social roles in real life respectively, increasing the depth and connotation of the work.